concrete (exists only on homeplanets !)
important for big starports and stargates and especially ship factories
rock
recommended for gib fusionpower stations, greenhouses and provision factories
gras (this terrain doesn't appear often in the game, only through errors)
recommended for greenhouses and farms
wood
recommended for greenhouses, residences and provision factories
on woodplanets also recommended for luxury factories
steppe
recommended for farms 
on steppenplanets also recommended for living modules, luxury factories, equipment factories, depots, storehouses and middle greenhouses
dessert
recommended for derricks, solarpower stations and small refineries
ice
recommended for depots, storehouses, living modules, spaceship controls, radar stations, liquid tanks
on iceplanets also recommended for small fusionpower stations
water
recommended for waterpower stations
on waterplanets also recommended for derricks  
swamp
recommended for small greenhouses, recycling centers and MASH-fans
on homeplanets also recommended for barracks